In this paper the authors seek to examine the dimensions of individual self determination and expresses concern at the prolific growth of clinical trials, often unregulated, in India.

Wayne R. Cohen, M.D., Ph.D is chairman of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Jamaica Hospital NY, visiting professor Dept. of Ob--Gyn and Women’s Health at Albert Einstein Bronx, NY. He was the Obstetrician and Gynecology-in-Chief Sinai hospital of Baltimore Maryland. He is author of Complications in Pregnancy, published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2000 (the 5th edition).

In this paper, I defend the practice of human cloning, by confronting four attacks against it. (1) the argument that cloning kills life, (2) The argument that a clone faces an uncertain future, (3) The possibility for cloning to create monstrosities, (4) Man playing god through genetic engineering.

Neither Liberal, Conservative, nor Libertarian political philosophies usually give much explicit attention to the concept of willpower (entirely conceptually seperate from “free will"). However, some examination shows that variation in how it is concieved of appears to be the basis for ideological conflicts between the partisans of different views.

Women have been watching as two new cases affecting reproductive choices have been decided: one from the European Court of Human Rights (Case of Evans v. United Kingdom decided April 10, 2007) and the United States Supreme Court (Gonzales v. Carhart decided April 18, 2007) How do these two cases differ? Are they helpful in further delineating reproductive choices?

It can be argued that every human has a natural right to the actualization of all his or her positive human potentials. And, by extension, that the human species has a natural right to the actualization of all the positive potentials of human nature itself. There are two difficulties with these ideas.

Evolution continually strives to keep the best genes around to proliferate the species. Emerging cosmetic surgeries inadvertently attempt to cheat this by altering external flaws and ignoring the intact internal code where the flaws remain. Without the undesirable physical characteristics people who otherwise may not have been are able to become more desirable to partners for procreation.

Technological Transexualism (TT) was born in the 20th century as an accommodation to individuals insisting on expressing a self-determined self radically at odds with their socially determined selves. Over the course of decades TT has achieved a partial cloak of human rights and has achieved a measure of success in challenging essentialist ideas regarding human identity.

I will discuss the need for moral reasoning which can accommodate a conspicuous rhetorical absence of “intrinsic worth” and of an irrelevancy of nature–artifact duality. Certain kinds of ethical principles may guide the flows of temporal, genetic, emotional, cognitive, intellectual, and other resources that pervade personal and social experience.

Jonathan D. Moreno, Ph.D., is a Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress and the David and Lyn Silfen University Professor and Professor of Medical Ethics and the History and Sociology of Science at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Moreno is an elected member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies.